Carburetor



April 29, 1930. AQ MU'ARES CARBURETOR Filed April 50 1926 l 3Sheets-Sheet l @uvam/Coz AMLO MIJARES April 29, 1930. A. MUARES1,756,430

CARBURETQH Filed April so, 192e s sheets-Sheet 2 Svi/manto:

ANILO M nJARE A. MIJARES CARBURETOR April 29, 1930.

Filed April 50, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet I5 wuefnfoz ANI Lo M MAR E5 @33% 12M@Hof/|4213 Patented Apr. 29, 1930 UNITED STATES ANIL() MIJARES, FYONKERS, NEW YORK' cARBUnEToR Application led April 30,

This invention relates to carburetors of the kind used to inject amixture of air and liquid fuel into the manifold of an automobileengine.

It is one of the'particular objects of the invention to provide acarburetor of this kind with means which will automatically admit a veryrich mixture into the manifold of the engine when starting only,eliminating separate dash controls for admission of auxiliary liquidfuel heretofore in use. l

Another object is to provide a simple gravity operated check valve forthe la1r intake end of the carburetor whereby when starting onlyl littleair is drawn 1n, the suction in the engine manifold causing this valveto open as the amount of suction 1ncreases. i

A further object is to Iequip the corburet- 2o or withintegral meanswhich causes water to be heated within it, the steam or-vapor thereofmingling with the gas mixture to beI injected into the engine for thepurpose of reducing carbonization of its cylinders.

A still further .object is to provide a lstructure which embodies all ofthe aforesaid advantages which can be most economically produced and thedifferent units of which assembled and disassembled with the least ldificulty.

Other objects will become apparent 1n the following specification andthe accompanying drawin s illustrative of a preferred embodiment 0% myinvention and in which the carburetor, in Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same; Fig. 3 is a sectional view throughthe carburetor, its upper portion taken along the plane of line 3-3 inFig. 2, and its lower portion along 4the plane of line 3a3a 1n Fig. 4;

Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view taken along the plane of line 4-4 inF1g...3;

Fig. 5 is a cross sectional v1ew taken along the plane 5--5 in Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along the plane of line 6-6 in Fig. 5;Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view of thethrotalong the plane of line'1-11926. Serial No. 105,718.

tle lever, and the lever arrangement of the carburetor with its relationto the auxiliary automatic liquid fuel valve while .the engine is eitherat rest or running normally;

Fig. 8 is a similar diagrammatic viewrwhile the engine is being started;and

Fig. 9 isa fragmentary sectionalview of the auxiliary Aliquid fuel valveshowing the position. which it assumes after the engine is started andis running normally.

Like numbers of reference denote similar parts throughout theseveralViews and the following specification.

10 is a oat chamber casing having a fuel well 11 closed by a cover 12.At the top -of one side of the well is a pocket like extension 13 of thecasing, substantially U-shaped in' cross section, open towards the well,its outer wall 14 adapted to receive a plug'15' which is held Within thepocket 13 by a correspondingly shaped extension 16 of the cover 12. Theinteriorly projecting end of the plug 15 is bored out at 17 the borebeing reduced by a valve seat 18 to a smaller bore 19 extendingpartially .through the plug. 20 are ducts through plug 15 atsubstantially right angles to the bore 19 and near its inner end.

The extreme end of plug 15 is threaded at 21. Adjacent the inside ofwall 14 of the casing 10, the plug 15 has two downwardly projectingspaced apart lugs 22, being bored out transversely for a fulcrum pin 23.Y 24 is a slot at the lower side of plug 15 vbetween ,the lugs 22.Disposed over the outwardly Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view ofAprojecting end of plug 15 is a strainer housing 25 which is of hollowsquare shape, its 'side adjacent the wall 14v being bored out to fitover the diameterof vthe plug snugly and its opposite side ,bored out at26 somewhat larger vin diameter to enable a cylindrical strainer 27 tobe placed within it and over the cross ducts 20. The lower side, of thestrainer housing 25 is provided with a tubu'- lar extension 28 tappedinteriorly for a liquid fuel supply pipe 29. 30 is @.nu-t which has anextenslon 30a to fit the enlarged bore 26 of the housing 25. Nut 30i'sadapted to fit tightly the plug 15 within the wall 14 of.

the casing by clamping lugs 22 against the inner side of wall 14 and thestrainer housing 25 against the outer side of wall 14, the plug beingheld against vertical displacement vby the cover 12. ,31.is a. fuelvalve laterally disposed within the plu 15 having a large end.

32 intin toward t e fuel well, valve face 3 ging a apted to make a ti htjoint with seat 18, and a guide 34 fitting loosely within bore 19. Largeen'd 32 of the valve 31 is flattened at 34* and is provided with a smallblind orifice 35. 36 is a substantially L-shaped lever, being fulcrumedat the junction of its two legs onto the pin 23. The short leg 37 isfitted loosely between the two lugs 22 of the lug 15 and extends withinthe orice o the valve 31. At the end of the lon leg 38 of the lever 36is loosely suspended a oat 39. The details of the fuel inlet mechanism,just described, are claimed in another copending a plication, Serial#142,654, filed by me on ctober 19, 1926.

At one side of the casing 10, substantially at right angles to the plug15, the casing has an extension 40. 41 is a horizontally disposed ductat the lower part of the extension, communicating with the bottom of thefloat chamber 11. 42 is a vertically extending passage from the duct 41in communication with a horizontal outlet passage 43 near the top of theextension 40. -44 is another vertical passage, substantially parallel to42 and located between 42 and the chamber V11.y Passage 44 connectsbottom duct 41 with outlet passage 43. 45 is a restricted o ninghav- 1n'a valve seat for a main liqui fuel needle va ve 46 which extends throughpassage 44 and is threaded above passage 43 in the extension 40 at- 47.48 is a knurled handle knob of the stern 46. The lower end ofpassage 42is threaded at 49 to receive a plug 50 which has a restricted opening56* with a valve seat 50" for an auxiliary li uid fuel needle valve 51which is in threa ed engagement with the lower end of passage 42which isclosed fluid-tightly by a packing. nut 52 around the valve 51. 53 is aknurled handle knob of the valve 51. Passafre 42 restricted above plugv50 immediately adjacent outlet passage 43 to form a valve seat 54. 55 isan automatic auxiliary liquid fuel valve having a stem 56 slidablymounted within extension 40 above outlet passage 43, thel stem 56 beingreduced somewhat where it projects through the restricted openingadjacent the valve seat 54 and is enlarged at 57 below this opening toengage the seat 54. In the normal osition shown in Fig. 1, the automaticvalve 1s suspended from an upwardly extending projection 58 of theextension 40 by a circular plate 59 riveted to the stem' 56. In thisposition, the restricted opening adjacent valve seat 54 is not closedbythe valve face 57 which extends somewhat below the seat. Screwed linto extension 40.at` 60 in line with outlet passage 43 is a shank 61. Avent valve 62 `having v a 'screw- A. tli-readed stem 63 and a j at 68 toreceive 'a nut 69. 70 is an outlet opening at one side vof the reducedportion 67 of the shank 61 communicating with bore 66.

70a is amixer housing of substantially c lindrical shape, consisting ofa top casing 1 and a bottom casing 72, both cup-shaped, their open endsbolted together by bolts 73 extending through lugs 74 and 75,respectively, forming part of the top casing and the bottom casing. Atone side of the top casing 71 is a tubular extension 76 having fastenedwithin it an air pipe 77 secured thereto by a set screw 78. Theextension 76 projects somewhat inside of the top casing 71 andterminates there to form a slanting annular valve seat 79, its bottomprojecting into the casing further than itstop. A check valve 80consisting of a flat disc is hinged to the top casing v71 adjacent thetop of the valve seat 79, at 81. Owing to the slant of the valve seat 79 it is obvious that normally the check valve 80 contacts with the seat79 closing the inlet opening which it surrounds. Rearwardly extendingfrom the top casing 71 is a manifold connection 82 consisting of acircular branch 83 and a flange 84 provided with bolt holes 85 forsuitably fastening it to the manifold of an automobile engine. 86 is around passage through manifold connection 82 communicating with'theinner part of tp casin 71 and the engine. 87 are bosses at both si es ofthe branch 83 bored out to suit reduced end 67 of shank61 which isclamped tightly against 4them by nut 69 in such a manner that its outlet70 is located in tht` center of passage 86 facin the engine.

Mounted' vertically in t e branch 83 between shank 61 and flange 84 is arotatable shaft 88 extending through the passage 86. 89 is a butterflyvalve secured to shaft 88 within the passage 86 for the purpose ofregulatingits opening. On the top of the yshaft 88 above branch 83 isfastened a hub 90 having a lever 91 extending frontwardlthereof,terminating in an eye 92 for suitabl necting this end with thethrottle lever of an automobile engine. 93`is another lever iny--contegrally connected to hub 90 in angular relatlon to lever 91forminga V therewith.

Lever 93 is somewhat longer than lever 91 and.

is substantially T-shaped having a flat head Figs. 1 and 2. But when thethrottle lever,

in starting the car,'is moved;` forward about an inch, the 'positionofthe head 94 will be immediately above that of the plate 59, as indicatedin dotted lines in Fig. 2. The butterfly valve 89 is so adjustedYonf-shaftm88 that'in normal position it is slightly open.

' 95 is a post on top of branch 83 and adjacent top casing 71 adapted toreceive a'set screw 96 in its upper part for the purpose of adjustingthe normal position of lever 91 and thereby the opening of the butterflyvalve 89.

The bottom casing 72 is -provided with jacketed sides 97 and bottom 98forming a heating chamber 99.; 100 is a connection at the lower side ofbottom casing 72 to receive an'exhaust inlet pipe 101 permitting exhaustfrom the engine to enter the heating chamber 99, and 102 is a similarconnection at the bottom furtherest removed from connection 100 'for anexhaust outlet pipe 103 of smaller size than inlet pipe 101. 104 isa'water float chamber at a side of bottom casing 72, its top beingclosed by Va suitable cover; 105, and havin a restricted opening 106 atVitsbottom, a

byits thread. 112 is a duct from the float chamber 104 to the inside ofthe bottom casing t 72 surrounded by the heating phamber 99.V

113 is a metal plate, clamped between top casing 71 and bottom casing 72which has a restricted opening 114 in its center and do'wnwardlyextending flanges 115 surrounding the opening. Y

The operation of the device is a follows: Fig; 1 shows the-position ofthe carburetor before starting the car. The fuel well 11 is lled withliquid fuel which passes, as is clearlv shown in Fig. 5, through pipe29, strainer 2.7, ducts 20, past valve 31 into the well, the

float being raised as soon as the liquid fuel leg 37 of lever 36 pushesthe valve 31 against its seat 18,`shutting olf the supply of liquidfuel, 'until the float 39 drops sufficiently to again open the valve 31.Liquid fuel' also partially -ills the vertical passages 42 and 44 whichcommunicate with the fuel well 11 by duct 41. The position of a throttlelever 116 before starting is indicated diagrammatically in Fig. 7.Throttle lever 116 is mounted rotatably upon a suitable guide 117 as iswell known in the art. In this position which conforms to the plan viewshown in Fig. 2, the head 94 of the lever 93 clears the plate 59 ofautomatic valve which issuspended above C@ extension 58 by plate 59, soas to keep Yopen the restricted opening adjacent valve-seat 54 of thepassage 42, as clearly shown-in Fig. 1. In starting, the throttle leveris advanced about an inch, as lshown diagrammatically in Figi/8i.Y`Inrthis position, liquid fuel from the fuel well 11 is drawn into themanifold by the suction of the cylinders of the engine.

throughl duct 41, opening 45, passage 44, and

alsoopening through plug 50, passage 42,

past valve 'seat 54, linto the common outlet passage 43,'thence throughbore 66 of shank 61 from the outlet 70, ast butterfly fly valve -89 intothe manifold o the engine. j Head 94, `immediately above plate 59, keepsthe auxiliary valve 55 open, that is, limits its upwardtravelandprevents it from contacting with its seat 54,*whereby liquid fuel isdrawn in from the passage 42 into the outlet passagel 43, or in otherwords, while in this position, liquid fuel is drawn intothe engine pastthe main liquid fuel valve 46 and the auxiliary Y liquid fuel valve 55.Simultaneously air is drawn inthrough the air inlet pipe 77, the

:amount of air, however,vis restricted by check valve 80 which onlyopens partiallynmtil the 'I Y engine has attained its full speed, sothat the mixture introduced into the manifold is at this time a veryrich one. As soon as the engine,has reached its full speed andisthoroughly'warmed up, the throttle lever is returned to the positionshownk in Fig. 1 and 'Fig'. 7 and the gas controlledhy the foot ac;

celerator, as is well known in the art. When running at full speed ornormally after being warmed upL'it is advisableV and most econom ical toinject into the engine a mixture considerably leaner than when starting.I aecomplish 'this automatically in the following manner. 55 is afloating valve, downwardly suspended by plate 59 and kept-from its seat54 by gravity, affording communication between outlet passage 43` andvertical passage 42. After the engine is now running and the throttlelever is returned to its original po-y sition, whereby the head 94 oflever 93 again clears' the 'plate 59, the suction effect of thef sage 42and fthe opening between the two pas- -reaches a predetermined level,when the short' sages controlled by the valve 55, forces this 'valve toits seat 54, entirely closing off communication between passages -42 and43, so that liquid fuel can be'drawn into the manifold only past themain liquid fuel valve 46. Attentionvis particularly called tothe factthat the head 94 in the starting position prevents the closing of valve55 in the manner just described, because the lateral travel of this headand its position when starting is immediately above that of plate 59which contacts with the underside of head 94 in such a manner as not toshut olf communication between passages 42 and 43, as indicated indotted lines in Fig. 1. Just as soon as the :head 94 is removed fromabove the plate 59 ofthe valve 55, this valve will be carried up-vwardly by the liquid fuel and the suction of ,the engine and shut oipassages 42 and 43 from each other and restrict the supply of liquidfuel to that drawn in past the main liquid fuel valve 46 only. Theamount of liquid fuel drawn in past the automatic valve 55 when startingmay obviously be regulated by auxiliary/needle valve 51'.'`Afterssthecengine has been started and the auxiliary'valve 55 isclosed, as is shown in Fig. 9, its plate 59 is located above the line oftravel of head 94 of the lever 93, so that, when the engine is sped upby the foot accelerator, the head travels below the plate 59. As soon asthe engine stopsrunning, the auxiliary valve 55 will open again bygravity. The vent valve 62 serves simply to disrupt the flow of liquidfuel after the engine is stopped to preventA siphoning. j

In cars not equipped with this automatic device for admitting a richmixture into the engine when starting, an auxiliary liquid fuel valvewas usually opened by independent manipulation of its control mechanismcommonly attached to the dashboard of the automobile. I eliminate suchdevices entirely and admit the rich mixture when starting onlyV terminedconstant level of water is main-Yrr` tained within the chamber and thebottom casing 72 of the mixer housing with which chamber 104communicates through duct 112. Should the level of water drop, the floatoperated valve will drop also and admit additional water until the valveopening 106 is again closed. The water within the bottom casing isheated by the exhaust entering the heating chamber 99 through pipe 101.Exhaust outlet pipe 103 is smaller than the K inlet pipe 101 whichsufficiently retards the travel of the exhaust through the chamber whichsurrounds the water in the bottom casing, so as to heat the waterquickly. Plate 113 above the water reservoir within the bottom isprovided with the restricted opening 114 and downwardlv turned ilanges115 to confine the water within the bottom of the mixerhousing and avoidsplashing of the same into its upper parts, and the restricted openinghas the further tendency to build up a slight pressure within the Waterreservoir below it. All'of this causes the water to vaporize quickly andits steam to saturate the 5 air drawn in'through valve 80 and give thesame suiiicient moisture to thoroughly mix with the liquid fuel. Thesmall quantity of steam carriedinto"thefcylindersgwillvelimi` nate theformation of carbon, so that the power of an engine using thisparticular feature is much increased over engines Without it. 4

Besides the operating' characteristics just described, the structureherein disclosed, pre'- `sents certain"advantages of design whereby thesame can be assembled and taken apart for repairs or inspection verysimply and quickly. The entire valve mechanism of the liquid fuelfloatchamber is carried by the plug 15 which can be assembled separatelyand then attached to the `float chamber casing by simply tightening nut30. Simply dis-A connecting nut 30, after the cover 12 has beenrelnoved, permits the taking out of the entire valve unit and float.floatchamber casing and -all of its liquid fuel valves, including theauxiliary valve and vent valve, may be assembled in unit form and thenby simply pushing shank-61 through branch 83 of the manifold connection,the nut 69 will securely attach this unit thereto. Furthermore, byhaving these units separately from the manifold-vr connection,

vand the manifold connection with the top casing of the mixer housing anintegral unit, byy changing th1s uint only to suit Various makes of cars1n size and location of manifold connection, the carburetor can bemanufacwish to limit myself to the parti'cularvcomVVV structiondisclosed. It is obvious that various changes of form, proportion, minordetails and combination of parts may be resorted to without departing orsacrificing any of the advantages of the invention, as defined in theappended claims.

' l What I claim as new, isz' 1. In a carburetor for gas engines with athrottle lever control, having a float controlled liquid fuel supply, amain liquid fuel valve, an auxiliary liquid fuel check valve, means forpreventing closing of the said'auxiliary check valve when the throttlelevel' of the engine is advanced to starting position, the saidauxiliary valve being adapted to close automatically by the suction inthe engine and the momentum of the liquid fuel in line of vtravel of thesaid auxiliary valve as vsoon as the throttle lever of the engine isreturned to its normal position after starting, an air connection to thecarburetor, and a hinged swing check Within the carburetor adapted toadjust automatically the amount of air admitted into the carburetor inproportion to the speed of the engine.

2. In a carburetor for gas engines with a throttle lever control, havinga float con- Similarly the entire trolled liquid1 fuel supply, a mainliquid fuel valve, an auxiliary liquid fuel check valve, means forpreventing closing of the said auxlliary check valve when the throttlelever 5 of the engine is advanced to starting posltion, the saidauxiliary valve being adapted to close automatically by the suction inthe engine and the momentum of the liquid fuel in line of travel of thesaid auxiliary valve as soon as the throttlelever of the engine isreturned to its normal position after starting, an air connection to thecarburetor, a hinged swing check within the carburetor adapted to adjustautomatically the amount of'air admitted into the carburetor inproportion lto the speed of the engine and means within the carburetorto create and introduce steam ifntq the air prior to mixing withtheliquid ue 3. In a carburetor, the combination of a mixing chamber forair and liquid fuel and a water chamber below the mixing chamber, thesaid water chamber having jacketed side and bottom walls forming aheating chamber, exhaust piping from an engine connected to the saidheating chamber, and a partition with a restricted opening havingdownwardly extending flanges between the said mixing and water chambersfor the purpose of providing an unobstructed passage for steam createdwithin the said water chamber to the said mixing chamber.

4. In a carburetor, the combination of a mixing chamber for air andliquid fuel and a water chamber below the mixing chamber, the said waterchamber having jacketed side and bottom walls forming a heating chamber,exhaust piping from an engine connected to the said heating chamber, andmeans to Vsupply water at a predetermined level to the4 f said waterchamber comprising a float cham-4 ber in communication with the saidwater chamber, having la water connection, a float, and a' valveadjustably secured to the said float adapted to shut off the said waterconnectionwhen the waterin the said water chamber has reached itspredetermined level, all for the purpose of admitting steam into themixing chamber to saturate the air. 5 In testimony whereof I havehereunto set my hand.

ANILO MIJARES.

